Anchor ads are not supported on this page.

4S Ranch Allied Gardens Alpine Baja Balboa Park Bankers Hill Barrio Logan Bay Ho Bay Park Black Mountain Ranch Blossom Valley Bonita Bonsall Borrego Springs Boulevard Campo Cardiff-by-the-Sea Carlsbad Carmel Mountain Carmel Valley Chollas View Chula Vista City College City Heights Clairemont College Area Coronado CSU San Marcos Cuyamaca College Del Cerro Del Mar Descanso Downtown San Diego Eastlake East Village El Cajon Emerald Hills Encanto Encinitas Escondido Fallbrook Fletcher Hills Golden Hill Grant Hill Grantville Grossmont College Guatay Harbor Island Hillcrest Imperial Beach Imperial Valley Jacumba Jamacha-Lomita Jamul Julian Kearny Mesa Kensington La Jolla Lakeside La Mesa Lemon Grove Leucadia Liberty Station Lincoln Acres Lincoln Park Linda Vista Little Italy Logan Heights Mesa College Midway District MiraCosta College Miramar Miramar College Mira Mesa Mission Beach Mission Hills Mission Valley Mountain View Mount Hope Mount Laguna National City Nestor Normal Heights North Park Oak Park Ocean Beach Oceanside Old Town Otay Mesa Pacific Beach Pala Palomar College Palomar Mountain Paradise Hills Pauma Valley Pine Valley Point Loma Point Loma Nazarene Potrero Poway Rainbow Ramona Rancho Bernardo Rancho Penasquitos Rancho San Diego Rancho Santa Fe Rolando San Carlos San Marcos San Onofre Santa Ysabel Santee San Ysidro Scripps Ranch SDSU Serra Mesa Shelltown Shelter Island Sherman Heights Skyline Solana Beach Sorrento Valley Southcrest South Park Southwestern College Spring Valley Stockton Talmadge Temecula Tierrasanta Tijuana UCSD University City University Heights USD Valencia Park Valley Center Vista Warner Springs

Biosphere 2: Man-Made Wonder

The world's largest living science center is a half-hour north of Tucson.

Southern Arizona's Biosphere 2 is three glass-enclosed acres of ocean, mangrove swamp, savannah, rainforest and coastal desert.
Southern Arizona's Biosphere 2 is three glass-enclosed acres of ocean, mangrove swamp, savannah, rainforest and coastal desert.

Between 1987 and 1994, the $200-million Biosphere 2 structure with its two “lungs” and Energy Center was constructed on 40 rolling meadow acres west of the Santa Catalina Mountains and a half-hour north of Tuscon, in the town of Oracle.

Glimmering in the Arizona sunshine, Biosphere 2 was built to accommodate closed life systems research relevant to space exploration. Not too far-flung a notion, given the fact that Russia had just completed 10 missions in the smaller Bios-3 and that NASA tears through an average of $15.8 billion annually.

The brainchild of systems ecologist and engineer J.P. Allen, Biosphere 2 encloses over three acres within a 91-foot steel-framed glass pyramid. The heavily instrumented laboratory is equipped with 2,000 electronic digital data collection stations situated throughout five recreated biomes – ocean, mangrove swamp, savannah, rainforest and coastal desert. The facility was initially stocked with over 3,000 species, including food sources intended to sustain the crew.

Sponsored
Sponsored

The highly publicized, privately funded Mission 1 locked a crew of eight scientists behind glass in 1991 where they, for the most part, remained for two years. (A crew member was released for an hour for emergency medical attention when she sliced off the top of her finger in a thresher.)

Discover magazine claimed that it was "the most exciting scientific project undertaken in the U.S. since President Kennedy launched us toward the Moon." And it was. But that didn’t deter naysayers from inflating the few unforeseen problems that arose.

When 1993 rolled around and the crew members were released, the media had deemed the experiment a failure due to a highly rare “El Nino” induced cloud cover that persisted for much of the second year, contributing towards increased carbon dioxide levels. Diminished oxygen left the crew lethargic and agitated while the high levels of CO2 killed off some of the crops.

As a scientific research experiment, it had always been assumed that the lessons learned from Mission 1 would be addressed in subsequent missions. However, there was never to be another completed mission. In March of 1994, Bass partnered with Columbia University to launch Mission 2, but by September the mission had been aborted due to a managerial dispute.

Since then, no closed life system research has been conducted at the facility that Time-Life Books recently identified as one of 50 must-sees in its Life Wonders of the World.

The University of Arizona now operates the facility as a global ecology laboratory focused on climate change research, and guided tours are conducted daily except Thanksgiving and Christmas. Because the cost of admission supports scientific academic research, half of the $20 tour fee qualifies as a tax-deductible charitable contribution.

The latest copy of the Reader

Please enjoy this clickable Reader flipbook. Linked text and ads are flash-highlighted in blue for your convenience. To enhance your viewing, please open full screen mode by clicking the icon on the far right of the black flipbook toolbar.

Here's something you might be interested in.
Submit a free classified
or view all
Previous article

Drinking Sudden Death on All Saint’s Day in Quixote’s church-themed interior

Seeking solace, spiritual and otherwise
Next Article

Pie pleasure at Queenstown Public House

A taste of New Zealand brings back happy memories
Southern Arizona's Biosphere 2 is three glass-enclosed acres of ocean, mangrove swamp, savannah, rainforest and coastal desert.
Southern Arizona's Biosphere 2 is three glass-enclosed acres of ocean, mangrove swamp, savannah, rainforest and coastal desert.

Between 1987 and 1994, the $200-million Biosphere 2 structure with its two “lungs” and Energy Center was constructed on 40 rolling meadow acres west of the Santa Catalina Mountains and a half-hour north of Tuscon, in the town of Oracle.

Glimmering in the Arizona sunshine, Biosphere 2 was built to accommodate closed life systems research relevant to space exploration. Not too far-flung a notion, given the fact that Russia had just completed 10 missions in the smaller Bios-3 and that NASA tears through an average of $15.8 billion annually.

The brainchild of systems ecologist and engineer J.P. Allen, Biosphere 2 encloses over three acres within a 91-foot steel-framed glass pyramid. The heavily instrumented laboratory is equipped with 2,000 electronic digital data collection stations situated throughout five recreated biomes – ocean, mangrove swamp, savannah, rainforest and coastal desert. The facility was initially stocked with over 3,000 species, including food sources intended to sustain the crew.

Sponsored
Sponsored

The highly publicized, privately funded Mission 1 locked a crew of eight scientists behind glass in 1991 where they, for the most part, remained for two years. (A crew member was released for an hour for emergency medical attention when she sliced off the top of her finger in a thresher.)

Discover magazine claimed that it was "the most exciting scientific project undertaken in the U.S. since President Kennedy launched us toward the Moon." And it was. But that didn’t deter naysayers from inflating the few unforeseen problems that arose.

When 1993 rolled around and the crew members were released, the media had deemed the experiment a failure due to a highly rare “El Nino” induced cloud cover that persisted for much of the second year, contributing towards increased carbon dioxide levels. Diminished oxygen left the crew lethargic and agitated while the high levels of CO2 killed off some of the crops.

As a scientific research experiment, it had always been assumed that the lessons learned from Mission 1 would be addressed in subsequent missions. However, there was never to be another completed mission. In March of 1994, Bass partnered with Columbia University to launch Mission 2, but by September the mission had been aborted due to a managerial dispute.

Since then, no closed life system research has been conducted at the facility that Time-Life Books recently identified as one of 50 must-sees in its Life Wonders of the World.

The University of Arizona now operates the facility as a global ecology laboratory focused on climate change research, and guided tours are conducted daily except Thanksgiving and Christmas. Because the cost of admission supports scientific academic research, half of the $20 tour fee qualifies as a tax-deductible charitable contribution.

Comments
Sponsored

The latest copy of the Reader

Please enjoy this clickable Reader flipbook. Linked text and ads are flash-highlighted in blue for your convenience. To enhance your viewing, please open full screen mode by clicking the icon on the far right of the black flipbook toolbar.

Here's something you might be interested in.
Submit a free classified
or view all
Previous article

San Diego Dim Sum Tour, Warwick’s Holiday Open House

Events November 24-November 27, 2024
Next Article

Drinking Sudden Death on All Saint’s Day in Quixote’s church-themed interior

Seeking solace, spiritual and otherwise
Comments
Ask a Hipster — Advice you didn't know you needed Big Screen — Movie commentary Blurt — Music's inside track Booze News — San Diego spirits Classical Music — Immortal beauty Classifieds — Free and easy Cover Stories — Front-page features Drinks All Around — Bartenders' drink recipes Excerpts — Literary and spiritual excerpts Feast! — Food & drink reviews Feature Stories — Local news & stories Fishing Report — What’s getting hooked from ship and shore From the Archives — Spotlight on the past Golden Dreams — Talk of the town The Gonzo Report — Making the musical scene, or at least reporting from it Letters — Our inbox Movies@Home — Local movie buffs share favorites Movie Reviews — Our critics' picks and pans Musician Interviews — Up close with local artists Neighborhood News from Stringers — Hyperlocal news News Ticker — News & politics Obermeyer — San Diego politics illustrated Outdoors — Weekly changes in flora and fauna Overheard in San Diego — Eavesdropping illustrated Poetry — The old and the new Reader Travel — Travel section built by travelers Reading — The hunt for intellectuals Roam-O-Rama — SoCal's best hiking/biking trails San Diego Beer — Inside San Diego suds SD on the QT — Almost factual news Sheep and Goats — Places of worship Special Issues — The best of Street Style — San Diego streets have style Surf Diego — Real stories from those braving the waves Theater — On stage in San Diego this week Tin Fork — Silver spoon alternative Under the Radar — Matt Potter's undercover work Unforgettable — Long-ago San Diego Unreal Estate — San Diego's priciest pads Your Week — Daily event picks
4S Ranch Allied Gardens Alpine Baja Balboa Park Bankers Hill Barrio Logan Bay Ho Bay Park Black Mountain Ranch Blossom Valley Bonita Bonsall Borrego Springs Boulevard Campo Cardiff-by-the-Sea Carlsbad Carmel Mountain Carmel Valley Chollas View Chula Vista City College City Heights Clairemont College Area Coronado CSU San Marcos Cuyamaca College Del Cerro Del Mar Descanso Downtown San Diego Eastlake East Village El Cajon Emerald Hills Encanto Encinitas Escondido Fallbrook Fletcher Hills Golden Hill Grant Hill Grantville Grossmont College Guatay Harbor Island Hillcrest Imperial Beach Imperial Valley Jacumba Jamacha-Lomita Jamul Julian Kearny Mesa Kensington La Jolla Lakeside La Mesa Lemon Grove Leucadia Liberty Station Lincoln Acres Lincoln Park Linda Vista Little Italy Logan Heights Mesa College Midway District MiraCosta College Miramar Miramar College Mira Mesa Mission Beach Mission Hills Mission Valley Mountain View Mount Hope Mount Laguna National City Nestor Normal Heights North Park Oak Park Ocean Beach Oceanside Old Town Otay Mesa Pacific Beach Pala Palomar College Palomar Mountain Paradise Hills Pauma Valley Pine Valley Point Loma Point Loma Nazarene Potrero Poway Rainbow Ramona Rancho Bernardo Rancho Penasquitos Rancho San Diego Rancho Santa Fe Rolando San Carlos San Marcos San Onofre Santa Ysabel Santee San Ysidro Scripps Ranch SDSU Serra Mesa Shelltown Shelter Island Sherman Heights Skyline Solana Beach Sorrento Valley Southcrest South Park Southwestern College Spring Valley Stockton Talmadge Temecula Tierrasanta Tijuana UCSD University City University Heights USD Valencia Park Valley Center Vista Warner Springs
Close

Anchor ads are not supported on this page.

This Week’s Reader This Week’s Reader